The chemical industry uses it to make chlorine and caustic. Basify the liquid to ph 12 or higher with sodium hydroxide caustic soda lye the high ph will convert all the dmt into its freebase form, which is soluble in shellite now add an amount of shellite to the solution. Caustic soda sodium hydrate soda lye material safety data sheet cas no. For the transportation of a large quantity of liquid caustic soda, tank. Appleton this ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. The most common fats and oils used are tallow beef or muttonbeef blend, coconut oil, and palm kernel oil table 1. Typically, the cotton yarn or fabric is wetted with caustic soda solutions 2025% sodium hydroxide for min at about 310 k, often followed by souring with dilute aqueous acid, e. Caustic soda is used in the production of cotton fabrics to strengthen the. In the case of diaphragm and membrane technologies the caustic soda is concentrated by evaporation before final storage. Caustic soda is a highly corrosive base or alkaline chemical widely utilized in several different industries. Contact with moisture or water may generate sufficient heat to.
These alloys can however suffer from caustic stress corrosion cracking at caustic concentrations above 70% at temperatures above 290crmo c 550f. Flake caustic soda is contained in drums or pvclined paper bags as shown in the table. This book is thoroughly up to date and should become the standard reference in. The ni alloys such as c276 n10276 also have useful caustic cracking resistance, however are susceptible to caustic cracking at high concentrations and temperatures. It also absorbs atmospheric carbon dioxide, forming a crust of sodium carbonate na 2.
Local exhaust ventilation or breathing protection is required. Our reliable supply of sodium hydroxide offers quality you need, backed by the local customer support only olin can provide, virtually anywhere in the world. Caustic soda is a vital raw material used in almost every industry sector, which is why it is considered one of the true cornerstones of manufacturing. Estimates indicate that around 90% of the cotton is treated with caustic soda. Caustic soda cargo handbook the worlds largest cargo. It must be cooled and dried in specially designed equipment before it. Handbook dear customer, thank you for choosing ernestomeda. Westlake chemical produces liquid caustic soda as 50% and 73% solutions in water. While these massive investments confer obvious benefits, they also carry tangible risks. This book not only discusses brewing beer on a largescale commercial basis, it has made every effort to address brewing practices typically used by craft brewers. The depleted brine is dechlorinated and recycled to the input stage. In addition, caustic soda doesnt cause immediate pain when it.
Solid caustic soda is contained in thin steel drums. Pure sodium hydroxide is a white solid available in pellets, flakes, granules, and as a 50%. Caustic soda is manufactured by the lime soda process. Salt storage handbook 1 foreword s alt has been used for thousands of years as a food preservative and a taste enhancer. By adding additional sulfur and heat, the sodium sulfite can be converted to sodium thiosulfate solution.
Today it has additional functions in food processing and is also used in animal nutrition, in water softening and in industry. Caustic soda is the common name for sodium hydroxide, naoh, a strong alkalilne compound used to control the ph in waterbased fluids or sodiumbased brines. Caustic soda sodium hydrate material safety data sheet soda lye. Reagentgrade caustic soda is contained in glass bottles. This book is thoroughly up to date and should become the standard reference in its field. It becomes increasingly more corrosive with increasing temperature and concentration.
This handbook outlines recommended methods for handling, storing, preparing and using caustic soda. Caustic soda is odorless, so odor cannot serve as a warning. Na oh caustic soda ppg industries inc 1986 internet archive. Our caustic soda grades find key applications in the production of alumina and in pulp and paper production. It is important to recognize that the terms caustic soda, sodium hydroxide and lye all refer to the same chemical compound of naoh. The soil deposited on the walls of the plant comes from the food product that is processed. The membrane cell process is the preferred process for new plants. Caustic soda caustic soda 16,300 gallon capacity 263,000 lbs. Sodium hydroxide environment, safety, health, and quality. The soil is a matrix of the constituents in the food. The handbook of chloralkali technology provides comprehensive and concise treatments of all aspects of technology and handling directly related to the products of electrolysis. Caustic soda also called lye or sodium hydroxide attacks the skin. It also absorbs atmospheric carbon dioxide, forming a crust of sodium carbonate na 2 co 3. Drilling muds or sodiumbased brines can be adjusted to basic ph values with caustic soda.
Caustic soda solution is a very corrosive industrial chemical. This handbook outlines recommended methods for handling, storing. Under normal operating conditions, mercurycell caustic soda as 100% naoh contains 20100 ppm of sodium chloride and 4060. The word soap latin sapo, which is cognate with latin sebum, tallow appears to have. These terms are used interchangeably throughout the industry and throughout this guide. Forms of caustic soda 3 of 52 liquid caustic soda is available as a 50% solution in four grades. Oxychem no longer utilizes mercury cells in the production of chlorine and caustic soda in the united states.
When loading or unloading using a tank truck, make sure that the manual. Caustic soda also has a number of other applications in the food industry, for example, in. Gilliatt executive director euro chlor march, 2004. Caustic soda is manufactured through the electrolysis of sodium chloride salt brine. Diaphragm processes may be acceptable, in some circumstances if nonasbestos diaphragms are used. Technical data sheet april 1, 2011 caustic soda ph control. These three cell types are diaphragm, membrane and mercury cells. Always add caustic soda solution to water with constant agitation. Caustic soda is manufactured by the limesoda process. Environment, safety, health, and quality division chapter 53 sodium hydroxide safe handling guideline 20 may 20 slaci7300a09t015r002 2 of 2 exposure controls engineering controls prevent generation of dusts. Soap and detergent manufacture nz institute of chemistry.
Technical data sheet april 1, 2011 caustic soda ph control description. Caustic soda is one of the common names for sodium hydroxide naoh, which is also known as lye. Technical data sheet april 1, 2011 caustic soda ph. M c h l o r i n e h a n d b o o k occidental petroleum.
It also includes information on the manufacture, physical properties, safety considerations and analytical methods for testing caustic soda. It is used in many industries, mostly as a strong chemical base in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps, detergents, drain cleaner and in the refining of vegetable oils. Sodium tripolyphospate detegents sodium hypochlorite household bleach, disinfectant soap, household cleaning. Different oils produce soaps of varying hardness, odour and. Shake, separate, repeat, and combine the freebase dmt will. One of the principal uses of salt is for deicing of streets and. If caustic soda becomes concentrated in one area, or is added too. The data and recommendations contained in this product information repre sent the current state of our knowledge and serve as a guide only to our products. The caustic soda solution handbook griswold and wagner. Compatibility chemical compatibility chemicial compatibility guide the following information is intended to be used as a general guideline for pump material selection. Corrosion by caustic sodium or potassium hydroxide at all concentrations is easily handled at room temperature with a variety of metals and alloys, including carbon steels.
Oxychem produces caustic soda at the following locations. It is a white solid that burns skin, with a slippery feel because it absorbs moisture from the air. This folder contains the cleaning and care handbook, containing advice and information about the right way to treat and look after your kitchens surfaces and materials, and the product information, providing details of all the materials used for the production of our range. The chlorine that leaves the cell is hot and wet, and very corrosive. Caustic soda is an essential ingredient in many industrial and commercial applications. You may copy it, give it away or reuse it under the terms of the project gutenberg. The brewers handbook is intended to provide an introduction to brewing beer, and to give a balanced, reasonably detailed account of every major aspect of the brewing process.
While it does not look dangerous, having the appearance of water, eye contact of only a few seconds can cause permanent damage, including blindness. The addition of caustic soda to liquid will cause a rise in temperature. Southern ionics incorporated sii was founded in 1980. Gross rail load specifications dot 111a100w1 specification stencilled. Every year, the chemical industry invests billions of dollars in new and sustaining capital to ensure it can meet future demand growth.
Specific gravity, concentration, and temperature of caustic soda solution 18. It readily absorbs water and forms aqueous solutions. The analysis of commercial caustic soda mixture of hydroxide and carbonate involve titration of the solution with a standard hcl acid using methyl orange, methyl orangeindigo carmine, or bromophenol blue as indicator,to obtained the titre for both the carbonate and hydroxide as well as addition of bacl 2 to a separate aliquot to precipitate. Caustic soda can cause severe burns to skin and eyes. This handbook outlines recommended methods for handling, storing, and using chlorine. Sodium hydroxide naoh, also known as lye and caustic soda, is a caustic metallic base. The combustion gas is cooled and absorbed into an alkaline solution, either caustic soda or soda ash, to form sodium bisulfite. Look inside this standard describes sodium hydroxide, anhydrous and liquid, for use in the.
Graph 2 specific gravity of aqueous caustic soda solutions. Caustic soda solution an overview sciencedirect topics. Sodium hydroxide derives from sodium carbonate, formerly named caustic soda. Its common name derives from its chemical identity as a sodium hydrate and because it is caustic or corrosive. Sodium bisulfite is further reacted with caustic soda or soda ash to produce sodium sulfite. The caustic and hydrogen are then separately cooled and the mercury is removed before proceeding to storage, sales, or other processes. Among the main applications is the bleaching of pulp and paper, besides being widely used in the chemical and petrochemical industry, metallurgy alumina production for the.
Pdf caustic soda handbook dow siddharth roy academia. Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula naoh. Pohanish, in sittigs handbook of toxic and hazardous chemicals and carcinogens seventh edition, 2017. The energy consumption in a membrane cell process is of the order of 2,2002,500. When porkskins are utilized for production of type a gelatin they are washed with cold water and then soaked in cold dilute mineral acid for several hours until maximum swelling has occurred. Liquid caustic soda is contained in rectangular cans or drums. However, it is a substance used either as an ingredient or in the process of manufacturing dozens of household products such as body soap, detergents and drain cleaners.
Chemical economics handbook ceh keep pace with the global chemical industry and its competitive markets. Cleaning in place a guide to cleaning technology in the food processing industry. Made from common salt and water, chlorine and its coproduct, caustic soda, are two of the most basic building blocks used for a wide range of products valued by society. Caustic soda is an essential reagent for the production of various organic chemical products.
863 773 1090 607 928 714 1320 1331 1455 1110 571 21 571 84 1327 1062 592 532 613 1618 1429 844 780 1225 478 1476 676 346 233 300 559